Tagged Stack Games

A stack is a fundamental data structure that follows the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) principle, meaning the last element added is the first to be removed. It operates using two primary operations: push (to add an element to the top) and pop (to remove the top element). Stacks are widely used in programming for tasks like managing function calls (call stack), expression evaluation, and undo mechanisms. Additional operations include peek (view the top element without removal) and checking if the stack is empty. Implemented using arrays or linked lists, stacks offer efficient O(1) time complexity for key operations. Their simplicity and predictable behavior make them essential in algorithm design, memory management, and solving problems like balancing parentheses or backtracking.